Types of World Agriculture

Apiculture: Maintenance of Honey bees on a commercial scale for the sale of honey

Floriculture: The cultivation of flowers or flowering plants

Horticulture: Growing of flowers and vegetables on small plots

Mariculture: Sea farming or cultivation of marine plants and animals for commercial

Olericulture: Cultivation of vegetables and kitchen herbs

Pisciculture: Breeding, rearing and transplantation of fish by artificially

Sericulture: Raising of silk worms for the production of raw silk

Viticulture: Cultivation of the vine for production of grapes and wine

Current Affairs June 2010

People

Sachin Tendulkar to become Indian Air Force's honorary rank of Group Captain

Australia gets Julia Gillard as first female Prime Minister

Former union minister Digvijay Singh dies in London

Business

Rupee all set to join elite currency club

HDFC Mutual Fund launches Gold Exchange Traded Fund

MCX gets unconditional approval from Forward Market Commission regulator to launch an IPO

Discovery

Austrian archaeologists discover 3500 year old city Hyksos in the Nile delta region

Record

World's largest gold coin sold for $4.02 million

Sports

Saina Nehwal beat Taiwan's Tzu Ying Tai to win the Singapore Super Series Title and moves upto World No.3

Longest match record smashed at Wimbledon 2010:
Nicolas Mahut and John Isner 59-59 at 5th set yet unfinished, play was suspended as they ran out of daylight. John Isner won the match at 70-68 on the following day.

India wins Asia Cup 2010

Technology

SleepServer, a software developed by Indian American scientists to save energy in Computers at work place

Samsung's Galaxy Beam to be World's first Android projector phone

India's first 'unpaid' mobile service under the brand name T24 is launched by Future Group, service provider being Tata Teleservices Ltd.

Toshiba launches first dual touch screen notebook, Libertto W100

What does .NET framework 2.0,3.0 & 3.5 has?

.net faq's

What is three tier architecture?

3-Tier architecture generally contains UI or Presentation Layer, Business Access Layer (BAL) or Business Logic Layer and Data Access Layer (DAL).

Presentation Layer (UI)
Presentation layer contains pages like .aspx or windows form where data is presented to the user or input is taken from the user.

Business Access Layer (BAL) or Business Logic Layer
BAL contains business logic, validations or calculations related with the data, if needed. I will call it Business Access Layer in my demo.

Data Access Layer (DAL)
DAL contains methods that helps business layer to connect the data and perform required action, might be returning data or manipulating data (insert, update, delete etc). For this demo application, I have taken a very simple example. I am assuming that I have to play with record of persons (FirstName, LastName, Age) and I will refer only these data through out this article.

What changes are done in IIS 6.0 over IIS 5.0?

IIS makes easy to get information. IIS 6.0 is the next latest of web server available in Windows Server 2003 platform. IIS 6.0 contains several enhancements over IIS 5.0 that are mainly to increase reliability, manageability, scalability, and security. IIS 6.0 is a key component of the Windows Server 2003 application platform, using which you can develop and deploy high performance ASP.NET Web applications, and XML Web Services.

.Net Framework Conceptual Overview

.Net Framework Conceptual Overview:

The .NET Framework is an integral Windows component that supports building and running the next generation of applications and XML Web services. The .NET Framework is designed to fulfill the following objectives:

· To provide a consistent object-oriented programming environment whether object code is stored and executed locally, executed locally but Internet-distributed, or executed remotely.

· To provide a code-execution environment that minimizes software deployment and versioning conflicts.

· To provide a code-execution environment that promotes safe execution of code, including code created by an unknown or semi-trusted third party.

· To provide a code-execution environment that eliminates the performance problems of scripted or interpreted environments.

· To make the developer experience consistent across widely varying types of applications, such as Windows-based applications and Web-based applications.

· To build all communication on industry standards to ensure that code based on the .NET Framework can integrate with any other code.

The .NET Framework has two main components: the common language runtime and the .NET Framework class library. The common language runtime is the foundation of the .NET Framework. You can think of the runtime as an agent that manages code at execution time, providing core services such as memory management, thread management, and remoting, while also enforcing strict type safety and other forms of code accuracy that promote security and robustness. In fact, the concept of code management is a fundamental principle of the runtime. Code that targets the runtime is known as managed code, while code that does not target the runtime is known as unmanaged code.

The class library, the other main component of the .NET Framework, is a comprehensive, object-oriented collection of reusable types that you can use to develop applications ranging from traditional command-line or graphical user interface (GUI) applications to applications based on the latest innovations provided by ASP.NET, such as Web Forms and XML Web services.

The .NET Framework can be hosted by unmanaged components that load the common language runtime into their processes and initiate the execution of managed code, thereby creating a software environment that can exploit both managed and unmanaged features. The .NET Framework not only provides several runtime hosts, but also supports the development of third-party runtime hosts.

For example, ASP.NET hosts the runtime to provide a scalable, server-side environment for managed code. ASP.NET works directly with the runtime to enable ASP.NET applications and XML Web services, both of which are discussed later in this topic.

Internet Explorer is an example of an unmanaged application that hosts the runtime (in the form of a MIME type extension). Using Internet Explorer to host the runtime enables you to embed managed components or Windows Forms controls in HTML documents. Hosting the runtime in this way makes managed mobile code (similar to Microsoft® ActiveX® controls) possible, but with significant improvements that only managed code can offer, such as semi-trusted execution and isolated file storage.

The following illustration shows the relationship of the common language runtime and the class library to your applications and to the overall system. The illustration also shows how managed code operates within a larger architecture.

.NET Framework in context

The following sections describe the main components and features of the .NET Framework in greater detail.

Features of the Common Language Runtime

The common language runtime manages memory, thread execution, code execution, code safety verification, compilation, and other system services. These features are intrinsic to the managed code that runs on the common language runtime.

With regards to security, managed components are awarded varying degrees of trust, depending on a number of factors that include their origin (such as the Internet, enterprise network, or local computer). This means that a managed component might or might not be able to perform file-access operations, registry-access operations, or other sensitive functions, even if it is being used in the same active application.

The runtime enforces code access security. For example, users can trust that an executable embedded in a Web page can play an animation on screen or sing a song, but cannot access their personal data, file system, or network. The security features of the runtime thus enable legitimate Internet-deployed software to be exceptionally feature rich.

The runtime also enforces code robustness by implementing a strict type-and-code-verification infrastructure called the common type system (CTS). The CTS ensures that all managed code is self-describing. The various Microsoft and third-party language compilers generate managed code that conforms to the CTS. This means that managed code can consume other managed types and instances, while strictly enforcing type fidelity and type safety.

In addition, the managed environment of the runtime eliminates many common software issues. For example, the runtime automatically handles object layout and manages references to objects, releasing them when they are no longer being used. This automatic memory management resolves the two most common application errors, memory leaks and invalid memory references.

The runtime also accelerates developer productivity. For example, programmers can write applications in their development language of choice, yet take full advantage of the runtime, the class library, and components written in other languages by other developers. Any compiler vendor who chooses to target the runtime can do so. Language compilers that target the .NET Framework make the features of the .NET Framework available to existing code written in that language, greatly easing the migration process for existing applications.

While the runtime is designed for the software of the future, it also supports software of today and yesterday. Interoperability between managed and unmanaged code enables developers to continue to use necessary COM components and DLLs.

The runtime is designed to enhance performance. Although the common language runtime provides many standard runtime services, managed code is never interpreted. A feature called just-in-time (JIT) compiling enables all managed code to run in the native machine language of the system on which it is executing. Meanwhile, the memory manager removes the possibilities of fragmented memory and increases memory locality-of-reference to further increase performance.

Finally, the runtime can be hosted by high-performance, server-side applications, such as Microsoft® SQL Server™ and Internet Information Services (IIS). This infrastructure enables you to use managed code to write your business logic, while still enjoying the superior performance of the industry's best enterprise servers that support runtime hosting.

.NET Framework Class Library

The .NET Framework class library is a collection of reusable types that tightly integrate with the common language runtime. The class library is object oriented, providing types from which your own managed code can derive functionality. This not only makes the .NET Framework types easy to use, but also reduces the time associated with learning new features of the .NET Framework. In addition, third-party components can integrate seamlessly with classes in the .NET Framework.

For example, the .NET Framework collection classes implement a set of interfaces that you can use to develop your own collection classes. Your collection classes will blend seamlessly with the classes in the .NET Framework.

As you would expect from an object-oriented class library, the .NET Framework types enable you to accomplish a range of common programming tasks, including tasks such as string management, data collection, database connectivity, and file access. In addition to these common tasks, the class library includes types that support a variety of specialized development scenarios. For example, you can use the .NET Framework to develop the following types of applications and services:

· Console applications.

· Windows GUI applications (Windows Forms).

· Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications.

· ASP.NET applications.

· Web services.

· Windows services.

· Service-oriented applications using Windows Communication Foundation (WCF).

· Workflow-enabled applications using Windows Workflow Foundation (WF).

For example, the Windows Forms classes are a comprehensive set of reusable types that vastly simplify Windows GUI development. If you write an ASP.NET Web Form application, you can use the Web Forms classes.

c#.net topics

.Net Framework

• What is .NET Framework?
• Component of .NET – CLR and Library
• Introduction to Visual Stdio.NET

C# Language

• C# Language elements
• Object oriented programming with C# - Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism
• Properties and indexers
• Automatically implemented properties
• Interfaces, Structures, Enumeration
• Assemblies, Namespaces and Access specifiers
• Partial classes
• Partial methods
• Exception Handling
• Operator overloading
• Conversion operators
• Extension methods
• Delegates
• Lamda expressions
• Events
• Generic classes and methods
• Dynamic lookup
• Multithreading
• Creating Attributes

Windows Applications

• What is a windows application?
• Using Textbox, Button, CheckBox, RadioButtons
• Using ComboBox, GroupBox etc.
• Event handling
• Handling mouse and keyboard events
• Using menus and multiple windows

.NET Library

• Standard types such as Object, String, StringBuilder, DateTime etc.
• IO Streams – Stream, FileStream, StreamReader, File, Directory etc.
• Serialization of Objects
• Collection Classes – ArrayList, HashTable etc.
• Generic based collections – List, Dictionary etc.
• Network classes – TCPListener etc.
• Reflection – Type, Assembly etc.

Advanced .Net

• Structure of Assembly
• Creating class libraries – Private assembly
• Creating Global assemblies and GAC
• Building distributed application using .Net Remoting
• Building distributed application using WCF

Asp.net 3.5 topics

Fundamentals of ASP.NET

• Introduction to Web Applications
• HTML
• CSS (Cascaded Style Sheets)
  
• JavaScript
• Difference between ASP and ASP.NET
  
• Understanding architecture ASP.NET
• Creating ASP.NET Pages – Web Forms
• Working with web controls – Button, Textbox etc.
• Postback and ViewState concepts
• Enabling viewstate for individual controls
• Different type of List controls
• Setting Meta tags
• Validation controls
• FileUpload, AdRotator, MultiView, Calendar etc.
• State Management – Cookies, Sessions and Applications
• Handling session and application events using global.asax
• Error handling in ASP.NET , Tracing and debugging
• Routing

Navigation, Security and Caching

• Treeview, Menu, SiteMapDataSource etc.
• Master pages and Themes
• Understanding Authentication and authorization
• Forms authentication
• Windows and Passport authentication
• Membership API and Login controls
• Output caching
• Data caching using Cache object

Web Services

• What is Web Service?
• Understanding SOAP, WSDL, Proxy etc.
• Creating Web services
• How to consume web services
• XML Serialization
• Working with WCF – Windows Communication Foundation

AJAX

• What is AJAX and need for AJAX
• Implementing AJAX with JavaScript
• Using ASP.NET AJAX – UpdatePanel, UpdateProgress etc.
• Using ASP.NET Ajax Control toolkit
• Clientside Template Rendering - DataView control

LINQ

• What is LINQ?
• Query operators and methods
• Accessing Object using LINQ
• Understanding LINQ to XML
• Using LINQ to SQL to access and manipulate database
• Using LinqDataSource control.

Mobile Web Application

• Architecture of mobile web application
• Using Mobile web controls
• Devices specific content.